The Technical Education & Vocational Training is a main element of the comprehensive development elements, and specially its role in developing the human resources and skills.
Therefore, the relation between the outputs of the Technical Education & Vocational Training with poverty & unemployment is a reverse relation. If the Technical Education & Vocational Training is found, the poverty & unemployment will be reduced and peoples living conditions improved. The skilled & trained labor does not know poverty and unemployment.
The limited or absence of skills leads to either absence of job opportunities or shortage in production or both of them.
This in turn will cause low wages, and consequently either the rate of poverty or unemployment will rise up or both of them. Obvious, we can say that, the future of Yemen in reducing poverty and unemployment is largely dependent on the advancement in Technical Education & Vocational Training.
Government Strategy in reducing Poverty (2003 - 2005) in the field of Technical Education & Vocational Training:
The strategy aims to rise the rate of those who joins programs of Vocational Training and to Technical colleges & Institutes, and to expand the span of specialized training and education in the fields of Hotels & Tourism.
• Expanding the centers and technical & vocational institutes.
Establishing the main ones near the industrial estates so as to include service centers to meet the requirements of the neighboring areas.
• Developing and modernizing the existing institutes and raising up its capacity in order to meet the labor market, current and in future in quantity and quality.
• Setting up incentives to male and female students to join the vocational specializations.
• Setting up a flexible financial system enables the training institutes and vocational & technical institutes to benefit from any income earned by them in the process of self-development.
• Expanding the span of education and training in specialized fields of tourism & Hotels.
The implemented activities within the policy of poverty reduction during 2004:
In respect of activities to reduce poverty, the ministry during 2004 performed many activities aim at to rise efficiency of the current training establishments, and their enrollment capacity to trainees.
The following activities were
performed:
1. Receiving (14) elementary projects as projects for building fences for the
new training institutions locations, and final receiving of (9) completed
projects.
2. Continuing in implementing (30) projects in the training institutions.
3. Preparing the design studies for (25) projects to establish new training institutions and rehabilitating & expanding the current ones.
4. tendering & contracting on implementing (24) projects fro different civil works including the construction o f new training institutions and rehabilitating & expanding the current ones.
5. Final receiving of (8) completed project, and the elementary receiving of marine institute project in Aden, and continuing in implementing the rest of the proposed projects with finance of the vocational training project.
6. Tendering and analyzing the bids o f the technical institute project in Al-Amana where (16,436,407) Y.R. have been spent on the project during the year 2004 with the Islamic Bank finance.
7. Continuing working on the " strengthening priority areas of vocational & technical training'' project which is financed by the European Commission, the project consists of establishing a hotel and tourism technical institute in Al-Amana in addition to the support of establishing two specializations in the field of oil & gas and other three special fields regarding women.
8. Equipping & rehabilitating (109) sections, laboratories and workshops in most of the training institutions that belong to the ministry among which, establishing computer labs in (25) training institutions with (210) new computer devices.
9. Continuing work on the new systems for increasing the enrollment capacity, (two-years - vocational) in the industrial fields, (continuous education & training system).
The total number of registered students in the formal education & training during the academic year 2004/2005 is (17,152) male & female, while the total number of enrolled students in the continuous training programs during the year 2004 is (2823) male & female.
Poors benefited from technical education & vocational training activities:
We can obviously conclude some statistics indicating clearly to what extent the boors benefited from the activities of technical education & vocational training, it can be summarized as follows:
1. implementing formal and continuous training programs in (15) training institutions in urban areas in addition to the late Mohamed Abdullah saleh institute in the Central prison, the women training institute in Nukom and the handicapped vocational training institute in Thula'a, which provide training cervices to special social categories.
2. implementing cooperative training programs which the ministry aims through these activities to employ its graduates in the labor market.
During the year 2004 the ministry implemented a number of cooperative training programs targeted (42) programs with a total number of students reached (932) male & female distributed amon (219) industrial, agricultural, management and production locations. Hodeidah governorate harvested the biggest number of participants (401) male & female in (17) industrial, agricultural and commercial programs.and (12) professions.
3. Continuing in operating short-term training programs that mainly aim at unemployment reduction and providing the trainees with necessary skills enabling them to get suitable jobs in the labor market. During the year 2004 the ministry trained (2823) trainees , (882) were women trained in different specializations and field.
The EPSP project component implemented a lot of training programs on "vacancies chances evolution in the labor market" , (23) training programs implemented in Taiz governorate targeted (240) females and (200) males, alos (17) training programs implemented in Aden governorate targeted (114) females and (86) males. All training programs included women hand works such as; food processing, sanitary installations, automobiles, electricity and leather industries.
The ministry training institutions
participated in implementing such programs in addition to the vocational
associations and the community colleges.